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It was the last book he finished in his lifetime, running to some 90 pages of a single long essay. It is commonly referred to as his " Freiheitsschrift " (freedom text) or "freedom essay". Described by Hans Urs von Balthasar as "the most titanic work of German idealism ", [ 1 ] it is also seen as anticipating much of the collection of basic ...
Creatio ex nihilo is the doctrine that all matter was created out of nothing by God in an initial or a beginning moment where the cosmos came into existence. [13] [14] The third-century founder of Neoplatonism, Plotinus, argued that the cosmos was instead an emanation from God. This view of creation was unacceptable to Early Church Fathers and ...
Three Hundred Rāmāyaṇas: Five Examples and Three Thoughts on Translation" is an essay written by Indian writer A. K. Ramanujan for a Conference on Comparison of Civilizations at the University of Pittsburgh, February 1987. The essay was a required reading on Delhi University's syllabus for history undergraduates from 2006–7 onward. On ...
The eternity of the world is the question of whether the world has a beginning in time or has existed for eternity.It was a concern for ancient philosophers as well as theologians and philosophers of the 13th century, and is also of interest to modern philosophers and scientists.
Origin myths are narratives that explain how a particular reality came into existence. [3] They often serve to justify the established order by attributing its establishment to sacred forces [3] (see § Social function). The line between cosmogonic myths which describe the origin of the world and origin myths is not always clear.
The Zaidiyyah historically come from the followers of Zayd ibn Ali. The Alawites are a distinct religion that developed in the 9th/10th century. Historically, Twelver Shia scholars (such as Shaykh Tusi) did not consider Alawites as Shia Muslims while condemning their heretical beliefs. [108] Ibn Taymiyyah also pointed out that Alawites were not ...
Statue of the Buddha.. Historically, philosophical pessimism seems to have first presented itself in the East, under the partly religious aspect of Buddhism. [2] [3]: 130 In the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, Gautama Buddha establishes the first noble truth of duḥkha, or suffering, as the fundamental mark of existence: [4]
Human history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers . They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread across Earth's continental land except Antarctica by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.