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The Northridge Blind Thrust Fault (also known as the Pico Thrust Fault) is a thrust fault that is located in the San Fernando Valley area of Los Angeles.It is the fault that triggered the M w 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake which caused $13–50 billion in property damage (equivalent to 24–93 billion today) and was one of the costliest natural disasters in U.S. history.
The 1994 Northridge earthquake affected the Los Angeles area of California on January 17, 1994, at 04:30:55 PST. The epicenter of the moment magnitude 6.7 (M w) blind thrust earthquake was beneath the San Fernando Valley. [3]
Diagram of blind-thrust faulting. As shown in the diagram, a weak plate under compression generally forms thrusting sheets, or overlapping sliding sections. This can form a hill and valley landform, with the hills being the strong sections, and the valleys being the highly disturbed thrust faulted and folded sections.
Seismic, geologic, and other data has been integrated by the Southern California Earthquake Center (renamed "Statewide California Earthquake Center" in October 2023) to produce the Community Fault Model (CFM) database that documents over 140 faults in southern California considered capable of producing moderate to large earthquakes. [1]
The destructive 1994 earthquake in Northridge, Los Angeles, California, was caused by a previously undiscovered blind thrust fault. Because of their low dip , thrusts are also difficult to appreciate in mapping, where lithological offsets are generally subtle and stratigraphic repetition is difficult to detect, especially in peneplain areas.
The Northridge earthquake was a buried rupture earthquake, [1] which caused massive surface damage. In seismology, a buried rupture earthquake, or blind earthquake, is an earthquake which does not produce a visible offset in the ground along the fault (as opposed to a surface rupture earthquake, which does).
Several key attributes of the event were shared with the 1994 Northridge earthquake, considering both were brought about by thrust faults in the mountains north of Los Angeles, and each resulting earthquake being similar in magnitude, though no surface rupture occurred in 1994. Since both occurred in urban and industrial areas and resulted in ...
The Los Angeles Basin is situated along the coast of Southern California at the confluence of the Transverse Ranges and the Peninsular Ranges.The basin is under the influence of several strike-slip and blind thrust faults with geodetic studies providing evidence of the northern basin being shortened in the north–south or northeast–southwest directions at a rate of 4.5–5 millimetres (0.18 ...