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Matteuccia is a genus of ferns with one species: Matteuccia struthiopteris (common names ostrich fern, fiddlehead fern, or shuttlecock fern). [4] The species epithet struthiopteris comes from Ancient Greek words στρουθίων ( strouthíōn ) "ostrich" and πτερίς ( pterís ) "fern".
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase.
This fern can also be found in areas such as subtropical America, parts of southern Africa and other humid or sub-humid climate areas. This fern is an epiphyte, or air plant, which means it attaches itself to other plants and gets its nutrients from the air and from water and nutrients that collect on the outer surface of bark.
Pentarhizidium orientale, the Oriental ostrich fern, is a fern native to China, Japan, and the Himalayas. It grows to about 0.6 m (2 ft) in height by 0.6 m (2 ft) wide. It was formerly included in the genus Matteuccia, but phylogenetic studies mandated that it and Pentarhizidium intermedium be moved to a new genus.
Cinnamon fern or buckhorn fern, Osmunda cinnamomea, found in the eastern parts of North America, although not so palatable as ostrich fern. Royal fern, Osmunda regalis, found worldwide; Midin, or Stenochlaena palustris, found in Sarawak, where it is prized as a local delicacy [5] [6] Zenmai or flowering fern, Osmunda japonica, found in East Asia
Onocleaceae is a small family of terrestrial ferns in the order Polypodiales. [1] It is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). [ 2 ] Alternatively, the family, along with Blechnaceae , may be placed in a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae as the subfamily Blechnoideae. [ 3 ]
Osmunda regalis, or royal fern, [2] is a species of deciduous fern, native to Europe, Africa and Asia, growing in woodland bogs and on the banks of streams. The species is sometimes known as flowering fern due to the appearance of its fertile fronds. [citation needed] Royal fern swamp at Lagune de Contaut, Hourtin, France
Dryopteris goldieana, commonly called Goldie's wood fern, or giant wood fern is a fern native to the eastern United States and adjacent areas of Canada, from New Brunswick to Ontario and Georgia. [3] It is the largest native North American species of Dryopteris and along with ostrich fern it is one of the largest ferns in eastern North America.