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  2. Theory of forms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_forms

    In philosophy and specifically metaphysics, the theory of Forms, theory of Ideas, [1] [2] [3] Platonic idealism, or Platonic realism is a theory widely credited to the Classical Greek philosopher Plato. The theory suggests that the physical world is not as real or true as "Forms".

  3. Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shihab_al-Din_Yahya_ibn_H...

    The fundamental of his philosophy is pure immaterial light, where nothing is manifest, and which unfolds from the Light of Lights in a descending order of ever-diminishing intensity and, through complex interaction, gives rise to a "horizontal" array of lights, similar in conception to Platonic forms, that governs mundane reality. In other ...

  4. Essentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essentialism

    Plato was one of the first essentialists, postulating the concept of ideal forms—an abstract entity of which individual objects are mere facsimiles. To give an example: the ideal form of a circle is a perfect circle, something that is physically impossible to make manifest; yet the circles we draw and observe clearly have some idea in common ...

  5. Platonism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonism

    Many Platonic notions were adopted by the Christian church which understood Plato's Forms as God's thoughts (a position also known as divine conceptualism), while Neoplatonism became a major influence on Christian mysticism in the West through Saint Augustine, Doctor of the Catholic Church, who was heavily influenced by Plotinus' Enneads, [3 ...

  6. Form of the Good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Form_of_the_Good

    The Form of the Good, or more literally translated "the Idea of the Good" (ἡ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ἰδέα [a]), is a concept in the philosophy of Plato.In Plato's Theory of Forms, in which Forms are defined as perfect, eternal, and changeless concepts existing outside space and time, the Form of the Good is the mysterious highest Form and the source of all the other Forms.

  7. Allegorical interpretations of Plato - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorical...

    The core of Plato's philosophy is the Theory of Forms (or Ideas), and many writers have seen in this metaphysical theory a justification for the use of literary allegory. Fletcher, for example, wrote: The Platonic theory of ideas has two aspects which lead to allegorical interpretations of both signs and things ...

  8. Urdu literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_literature

    Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language.While it tends to be dominated by poetry, especially the verse forms of the ghazal (غزل) and nazm (نظم), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including that of the short story, or afsana (افسانہ).

  9. The Incoherence of the Philosophers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Incoherence_of_the...

    God knows only the universal characteristics of particulars - namely Platonic forms. Bodily resurrection will not take place in the hereafter, and only human souls are resurrected. Occasionalism