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In mathematics, Gauss congruence is a property held by certain sequences of integers, including the Lucas numbers and the divisor sum sequence. Sequences satisfying this property are also known as Dold sequences, Fermat sequences, Newton sequences, and realizable sequences. [ 1 ]
In mathematics, an isometry (or congruence, or congruent transformation) is a distance-preserving transformation between metric spaces, usually assumed to be bijective. [ a ] The word isometry is derived from the Ancient Greek : ἴσος isos meaning "equal", and μέτρον metron meaning "measure".
In mathematics, a congruent transformation (or congruence transformation) is: Another term for an isometry ; see congruence (geometry) . A transformation of the form A → P T AP , where A and P are square matrices, P is invertible , and P T denotes the transpose of P ; see Matrix Congruence and congruence in linear algebra .
Beckman–Quarles theorem, a characterization of isometries as the transformations that preserve unit distances; Congruence (geometry) Coordinate rotations and reflections; Hjelmslev's theorem, the statement that the midpoints of corresponding pairs of points in an isometry of lines are collinear
In plain words, e.g., the first congruence means that If a number is 4 more than a multiple of 5, i.e. it is in the sequence 4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, . . . then the number of its partitions is a multiple of 5. Later other congruences of this type were discovered, for numbers and for Tau-functions.
The congruence theorems side-angle-side (SAS) and side-side-side (SSS) also hold on a sphere; in addition, if two spherical triangles have an identical angle-angle-angle (AAA) sequence, they are congruent (unlike for plane triangles). [9] The plane-triangle congruence theorem angle-angle-side (AAS) does not hold for spherical triangles. [10]
For example, 5 is a congruent number because it is the area of a (20/3, 3/2, 41/6) triangle. Similarly, 6 is a congruent number because it is the area of a (3,4,5) triangle. 3 and 4 are not congruent numbers.
Legendre transformation; Möbius transformation; Perspective transform (computer graphics) Sequence transform; Watershed transform (digital image processing) Wavelet transform (orthonormal) Y-Δ transform (electrical circuits)