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The Scoville scale is a measurement of pungency (spiciness or "heat") of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids , among which capsaicin is the predominant component.
Structural formula Name Scoville heat units Abbreviation Reference Resiniferatoxin: 16,000,000,000 RTX [2] [3] [4]Tinyatoxin: 5,300,000,000 TTX or TTN [4]Phenylacetylrinvanil
The technique utilizes high-performance liquid chromatography to identify and measure the concentrations of the various compounds that produce a heat sensation. Scoville units are roughly 1 ⁄ 15 the size of pungency units while measuring capsaicin, so a rough conversion is to multiply pungency by 15 to obtain Scoville heat units. [108]
Pungency (/ ˈ p ʌ n dʒ ən s i / ⓘ) refers to the taste of food commonly referred to as spiciness, hotness or heat, [1] [2] [3] found in foods such as chili peppers. Highly pungent tastes may be experienced as unpleasant.
Scoville heat ratings vary depending on batch. However, many companies do not disclose numeric ratings for their products at all. "Extra hot" versions may be advertised as several times hotter than the original, without specifying the heat of the original. Some companies do not disclose which peppers are used.
The Naga Viper pepper is a hot chili pepper developed in England. In 2011, it was recorded as the "World's Hottest Chili" by the Guinness World Records with a rating of 1,382,118 Scoville heat units (SHU), [1] but was surpassed in SHU by the Carolina Reaper, in 2017, and again by the latest world record holder Pepper X in 2023.
Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency , "spiciness" or "capsaicin ...
Scoville scale 50,000–175,000 SHU Piri piri ( / ˌ p ɪr i ˈ p ɪr i / PIRR -ee- PIRR -ee ), often hyphenated or as one word, and with variant spellings peri-peri ( / ˌ p ɛr i ˈ p ɛr iː / ) or pili pili , [ 1 ] also known as African bird's eye chili , [ 2 ] is a cultivar of Capsicum frutescens from the malagueta pepper .