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A common unit in both measures throughout historic Greece was the cotyle or cotyla whose absolute value varied from one place to another between 210 ml and 330 ml. [1] The basic unit for both solid and liquid measures was the κύαθος (kyathos, plural: kyathoi).
Aristarchus's 3rd century BCE calculations on the relative sizes of, from left, the Sun, Earth and Moon, from a 10th-century CE Greek copy. On the Sizes and Distances (of the Sun and Moon) (Ancient Greek: Περὶ μεγεθῶν καὶ ἀποστημάτων [ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης], romanized: Perì megethôn kaì apostēmátōn [hēlíou kaì selḗnēs]) is widely accepted ...
Eratosthenes of Cyrene (/ ɛr ə ˈ t ɒ s θ ə n iː z /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρατοσθένης [eratostʰénɛːs]; c. 276 BC – c. 195/194 BC) was an Ancient Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria.
Sumerian tablet with measurement glyphs. The talent (Ancient Greek: τάλαντον, talanton, Latin talentum) was a unit of weight used in the ancient world, often used for weighing gold and silver, but also mentioned in connection with other metals, ivory, [1] and frankincense.
Units used to measure mass were: [1] 1 dramme = 3.2 g 1 livre (also known as a pound [2]) (Venetian) = 450 g 1 mina = 1.5 kg 1 royal mine 1.5 kg 1 oka = 0.85331 royal mine = 1.280 kg [1] [2] [3] = 1 stater = 56.32 kg 1 talanton = 150 kg. One cantaro was equal to 44 oke, but the value varied from 112 to 128 lb depending on locality.
The stadion (plural stadia, Ancient Greek: στάδιον; [1] latinized as stadium), also anglicized as stade, was an ancient Greek unit of length, consisting of 600 Ancient Greek feet . Its exact length is unknown today; historians estimate it at between 150 m and 210 m.
On Sizes and Distances (of the Sun and Moon) (Greek: Περὶ μεγεθῶν καὶ ἀποστημάτων [ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης], romanized: Peri megethon kai apostematon) is a text by the ancient Greek astronomer Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) in which approximations are made for the radii of the Sun and the Moon as well as their distances from the Earth.
In ancient Greece, the mina was known as the μνᾶ (mnâ). It originally equalled 70 drachmae but later, at the time of the statesman Solon (c. 594 BC), was increased to 100 drachmae. [12] The Greek word mna (μνᾶ) was borrowed from Semitic. [13] [14] Different city states used minae of different weights.