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The terpene alpha-pinene is a major component of the common solvent, turpentine. The one terpene that has major applications is natural rubber (i.e., polyisoprene). The possibility that other terpenes could be used as precursors to produce synthetic polymers has been investigated. Many terpenes have been shown to have pharmacological effects.
Turpentine is composed of terpenes, primarily the monoterpenes alpha-and beta-pinene, with lesser amounts of carene, camphene, limonene, and terpinolene. [3] Substitutes include white spirit or other petroleum distillates – although the constituent chemicals are very different. [4]
Terpenoids are modified terpenes, [7] wherein methyl groups have been moved or removed, or oxygen atoms added. Some authors use the term "terpene" more broadly, to include the terpenoids. Just like terpenes, the terpenoids can be classified according to the number of isoprene units that comprise the parent terpene:
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Terpenes, “terps” for short, are pungent compounds that plants produce to repel pests and attract pollinators. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: ...
As with other terpenes, it is insoluble in water, flammable, colorless, and has a pungent smell. [4] It is a minor constituent of many essential oils such as turpentine , cypress oil, camphor oil, citronella oil , neroli , ginger oil, valerian , and mango . [ 5 ]
Camphor (/ ˈ k æ m f ər /) is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma. [5] It is classified as a terpenoid and a cyclic ketone.It is found in the wood of the camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora), a large evergreen tree found in East Asia; and in the kapur tree (Dryobalanops sp.), a tall timber tree from South East Asia.
Biosynthetic pathway to alpha-terpinene from geranyl pyrophosphate. [2]The biosynthesis of α-terpinene and other terpenoids starts with the isomerization of geranyl pyrophosphate to linalyl pyrophosphate (LPP).