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Anhydrous thorium nitrate is a white substance. It is covalently bound with low melting point of 55 °C. [2]The pentahydrate Th(NO 3) 4 •5H 2 O crystallizes with clear colourless crystals [6] in the orthorhombic system.
In inorganic chemistry, Fajans' rules, formulated by Kazimierz Fajans in 1923, [1] [2] [3] are used to predict whether a chemical bond will be covalent or ionic, and depend on the charge on the cation and the relative sizes of the cation and anion. They can be summarized in the following table:
This compound is sensitive to water, it hydrolyzes into tin(IV) oxide and nitrogen dioxide.Tin(IV) nitrate reacts with trifloroacetic acid anhydride to yield (NO 2 +) 2 [Sn(OOCCF 3) 6 2−] which is a nitronium salt.
Covalent and ionic bonding form a continuum, with ionic character increasing with increasing difference in the electronegativity of the participating atoms. Covalent bonding corresponds to sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms of essentially equal electronegativity (for example, C–C and C–H bonds in aliphatic hydrocarbons).
In the NO − 3 anion, the oxidation state of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible oxidation number of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful oxidizer as evidenced by its explosive behaviour at high temperature when it is detonated in ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3), or black powder, ignited by the shock wave of a primary explosive.
Titanium nitrate is the inorganic compound with formula Ti(NO 3) 4.It is a colorless, diamagnetic solid that sublimes readily. It is an unusual example of a volatile binary transition metal nitrate.
An ionic compound is named by its cation followed by its anion. See polyatomic ion for a list of possible ions. For cations that take on multiple charges, the charge is written using Roman numerals in parentheses immediately following the element name. For example, Cu(NO 3) 2 is copper(II) nitrate, because the charge of two nitrate ions (NO −
The chemistry of sulfur is largely covalent in nature, noting it can form ionic sulfides with highly electropositive metals. The common oxide of sulfur (SO 3) is strongly acidic. Selenium. Selenium is a metallic-looking, moderately reactive [8] solid with a density of 4.81 g/cm 3 and is soft (MH 2.0) and brittle. It melts at 221 °C to a black ...