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  2. Open-hearth furnace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-hearth_furnace

    The open-hearth process is a batch process and a batch is called a "heat". The furnace is first inspected for possible damage. Once it is ready or repaired, it is charged with light scrap, such as sheet metal, shredded vehicles or waste metal.

  3. History of the iron and steel industry in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_iron_and...

    In the 20th century, the US industry transitioned from the open hearth furnace to the basic oxygen steelmaking process. After peaking in the 1940s and 1950s, the US iron and steel industry shifted toward smaller mini-mills and specialty mills that use iron and steel scrap instead of iron ore.

  4. Pierre-Émile Martin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Émile_Martin

    Siemens-Martin open hearth furnace. The process of refining steel in a hearth, as developed by Pierre-Émile Martin, consists of smelting a mixture of cast iron and scrap or ore, then refining it by decarburization, desulfurization and dephosphorization. This method makes it possible to produce fine and alloy steels by adding noble elements.

  5. Puddling (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puddling_(metallurgy)

    The puddling furnace is a metalmaking technology used to create wrought iron or steel from the pig iron produced in a blast furnace. The furnace is constructed to pull the hot air over the iron without the fuel coming into direct contact with the iron, a system generally known as a reverberatory furnace or open hearth furnace. The major ...

  6. Steelmaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelmaking

    [citation needed] In 2013, 70% of global steel output came from the basic oxygen furnace. [14] Furnaces can convert up to 350 tons of iron into steel in less than 40 minutes, compared to 10–12 hours in an open hearth furnace. [15]

  7. Bessemer process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessemer_process

    The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. The oxidation also raises the temperature of the iron mass ...

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    www.aol.com/lifestyle/travis-kelce-just-revealed...

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  9. Regenerative heat exchanger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_heat_exchanger

    Siemens regenerative furnace. Later applications included the blast furnace process known as hot blast and the open hearth furnace also called the Siemens regenerative furnace (which was used for making glass), where the hot exhaust gases from combustion are passed through firebrick regenerative chambers, which are thus heated. The flow is then ...