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Intent is defined in English law by the ruling in R v Mohan [1976] QB 1 as "the decision to bring about a prohibited consequence" (malum prohibitum). [1] [2] [3] A range of words represents shades of intent in criminal laws around the world. The mental element, or mens rea, of murder, for example, was historically called malice aforethought.
Fraud can violate civil law or criminal law, or it may cause no loss of money, property, or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong. [1] The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits, for example by obtaining a passport, travel document, or driver's license, or mortgage fraud , where the perpetrator ...
American Law Reports indicates that "the cases are in disagreement over the availability of voluntary intoxication as a defense in a terroristic threat or terroristic threatening prosecution, with intoxication being a defense where a specific criminal intent is an essential element of the offense, but not a defense where the offense is ...
Roman numerals: for example the word "six" in the clue might be used to indicate the letters VI; The name of a chemical element may be used to signify its symbol; e.g., W for tungsten; The days of the week; e.g., TH for Thursday; Country codes; e.g., "Switzerland" can indicate the letters CH; ICAO spelling alphabet: where Mike signifies M and ...
Mens rea refers to the crime's mental elements of the defendant's intent.This is a necessary element—that is, the criminal act must be voluntary or purposeful. Mens rea is the mental intention (mental fault), or the defendant's state of mind at the time of the offense, sometimes called the guilty mind.
A motive is the cause that moves people to induce a certain action. [1] In criminal law, motive in itself is not an element of any given crime; however, the legal system typically allows motive to be proven to make plausible the accused's reasons for committing a crime, at least when those motives may be obscure or hard to identify with.
For example, if a murderer intends to kill John, but accidentally kills George instead, the intent is transferred from John to George, and the killer is held to have had criminal intent. Transferred intent also applies to tort law , [ 1 ] in which there are generally five areas where transferred intent is applicable: battery , assault , false ...
Criminal Law Revision Committee of England and Wales, Offences Against the Person Cmnd 7844, 14th Report, (1980) The Law Commission of England and Wales, Codification of the Criminal Law, Law Commission Report No. 143, (1985) Norrie, A., Oblique Intent and Legal Politics, (1989) CLR 793. Pedain, A., Intention and the Terrorist Example, (2003 ...