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Though all areas of Appalachia face the challenges of rural poverty, some elements (particularly those relating to industry and natural resource extraction) are unique to each subregion. Central Appalachians, for example, experience the most severe poverty , which is partially due to the area's isolation from urban growth centers. [ 3 ]
The 3-year average unemployment rate for the Appalachian region in 2006-2008 was 5.2%. The region's per capita market income in 2007 was $24,360. The region's poverty rate was 13.6%. [1] Alabama's Appalachian counties led all states' Appalachian counties in unemployment (3.8%) and per capita market income ($27,723).
In 2010, a study showed that the 1965 Act reduced Appalachian poverty between 1960 and 2000 by 4.2 percentage points relative to border counties, or about 10 percent on the baseline 1960 poverty rate, and real per capita incomes grew about 4 percent faster. [10]
In the five-year period from 2017 to 2021, the poverty rate in Appalachian Kentucky was 23.1% — still higher than many places but considerably closer to the U.S. level of 12.6% than in the 1960s.
The 1990 Census indicated that the poverty rate in central rural Appalachia was 27 percent. [12] In West Virginia, the 2000 poverty rate statewide was 17.9%; in nine counties more than a quarter of the population lived below the poverty line, with percentages as high as 37.7%. [13]
This list of U.S. states and territories by poverty rate covers the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and the territory of Puerto Rico and their populations' poverty rate. The four other inhabited U.S. territories ( American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands , and the U.S. Virgin Islands ) are listed separately.
The majority of responses defined Appalachia as an area encircling the locations possessing the highest amount of negative characteristics that the ARC was created to combat—flooding, environmental degradation, poverty, and geographic isolation, among others. [4] Cultural definitions of Appalachia.
The Area Redevelopment Administration was a rural poverty alleviation program of the Kennedy administration, primarily in Appalachia. It targeted 852 localities for redevelopment and provided assistance to an additional 106 communities with significant unemployment.