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Behavior modification is a treatment approach that uses respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, [1] overt behavior is modified with (antecedent) stimulus control and consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, as well as positive and negative punishment, and extinction to reduce ...
A substantially updated version of the MFQ (the MFQ-2) was published in 2023. [32] MFQ-2 is a 36-item measure of moral foundations which captures Care, Equality, Proportionality, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity. Each sub-scale has six items. MFQ-2 has been shown to have good psychometric properties across cultures.
Rational choice modeling refers to the use of decision theory (the theory of rational choice) as a set of guidelines to help understand economic and social behavior. [1] [2] The theory tries to approximate, predict, or mathematically model human behavior by analyzing the behavior of a rational actor facing the same costs and benefits.
Middle-range theory starts with an empirical phenomenon (as opposed to a broad abstract entity like the social system) and abstracts from it to create general statements that can be verified by data. [2] This approach stands in contrast to the earlier "grand" theorizing of social theory, such as functionalism and many conflict theories.
May 2006 saw the release of the Player's Handbook II, designed to follow up the standard Player's Handbook. [2] This book was designed by David Noonan.Cover art is by Dan Scott, with interior art by Steve Belledin, Steve Ellis, Emily Fiegenschuh, Carl Frank, Ralph Horsley, David Hudnut, Michael Komarck, Howard Lyon, Mike May, Jim Nelson, Lucio Parillo, Eric Polak, Steve Prescott, Mike Schley ...
[1] [2] Pivotal aspects of attachment theory include the observation that infants seek proximity to attachment figures, especially during stressful situations. [2] [3] Secure attachments are formed when caregivers are sensitive and responsive in social interactions, and consistently present, particularly between the ages of six months and two ...
Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (/ ˈ h ʊ s ɜːr l / HUUSS-url, [14] US also / ˈ h ʊ s ər əl / HUUSS-ər-əl; [15] German: [ˈɛtmʊnt ˈhʊsɐl]; [16] 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938 [17]) was an Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician who established the school of phenomenology.
Learning styles refer to a range of theories that aim to account for differences in individuals' learning. [1] Although there is ample evidence that individuals express personal preferences on how they prefer to receive information, [2]: 108 few studies have found validity in using learning styles in education.