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It is a disorder with focal seizures in the occipital lobe of the brain. There are two main types of this epilepsy, each consisting of focal seizures- Gastaut and Panayiotopoulos (Pan.). [2] Other names for the Gastaut type include benign epilepsy of childhood with occipital paroxysms (BECOP) and late-onset occipital epilepsy.
Occipital spikes suggested "childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms" of Gastaut; multifocal spikes suggested symptomatic epilepsies with poor prognosis. [citation needed] The veracity of Panayiotopoulos's initial descriptions has, over the last two decades, been confirmed in large and long-term studies from Europe, Japan and South America.
Epilepsy can often be confirmed with an EEG, but a normal reading does not rule out the condition. [4] Epilepsy that occurs as a result of other issues may be preventable. [1] Seizures are controllable with medication in about 69% of cases; [7] inexpensive anti-seizure medications are often available. [1]
Focal seizures (also called partial seizures [1] and localized seizures) are seizures that affect initially only one hemisphere of the brain. [2] [3] The brain is divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four lobes – the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. A focal seizure is generated in and affects just one part of the ...
The differential diagnosis of ICOE-G is mainly from symptomatic occipital epilepsy and migraine where misdiagnosis is high. The differential diagnosis from migraine should be easy because elementary visual hallucinations of occipital seizures develop rapidly within seconds, are brief in duration (2–3 minutes) are usually colored and circular.
Occipital lobe (red) of left cerebral hemisphere. The two occipital lobes are the smallest of four paired lobes in the human brain. Located in the rearmost portion of the skull, the occipital lobes are part of the posterior cerebrum. The lobes of the brain are named from the overlying bone and the occipital bone overlies the occipital lobes.
A seizure is a sudden change in behavior, movement or consciousness due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. [3] [6] Seizures can look different in different people. It can be uncontrolled shaking of the whole body (tonic-clonic seizures) or a person spacing out for a few seconds (absence seizures).
Syndromes are characterized into 4 groups based on epilepsy type: [1] a. Generalized onset epilepsy syndromes. These epilepsy syndromes have only generalized-onset seizures and include both the idiopathic generalized epilepsies (specifically childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and epilepsy with generalized tonic- clonic seizures alone), as well as ...