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Caninae (whose members are known as canines (/ k eɪ n aɪ n z /) [6]: 182 is the only living subfamily within Canidae, alongside the extinct Borophaginae and Hesperocyoninae. [7] [1] They first appeared in North America, during the Oligocene around 35 million years ago, subsequently spreading to Asia and elsewhere in the Old World at the end of the Miocene, [6]: 122 some 7 million to 8 ...
Canidae (/ ˈ k æ n ɪ d iː /; [3] from Latin, canis, "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (/ ˈ k eɪ n ɪ d /). [4] The family includes three subfamilies: the Caninae, and the extinct Borophaginae and Hesperocyoninae. [5]
Canidae is a family of mammals in the order Carnivora, which includes domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes, jackals, dingoes, and many other extant and extinct dog-like mammals. A member of this family is called a canid; all extant species are a part of a single subfamily, Caninae, and are called canines. They are found on all continents ...
Hesperocyon is an extinct genus of canids (subfamily Hesperocyoninae, family Canidae) that was endemic to North America, ranging from southern Canada to Colorado. It appeared during the Uintan age, – Bridgerian age (NALMA) of the Mid- Eocene – 42.5 Ma to 31.0 Ma.
Fossils of V. riffautae potentially represent the earliest record of the dog family, Canidae, in the Old World. [1] V. riffautae was intermediate in size between Rüppell's fox (Vulpes rueppellii) and the fennec fox (V. zerda). The mandible is narrow and shallow. Just before the posterior root of p2, the symphysis terminates.
[5] [6] Their good fossil record has also allowed a detailed reconstruction of their phylogeny, showing that the group was highly diverse in its heyday. [5] All Borophaginae had a small fifth toe on their rear feet (similar to the toes that bear dew claws on the front feet), where as all modern Caninae have only four toes normally.
Borophagus, like other Borophaginae, are loosely known as "bone-crushing" or "hyena-like" dogs.Though not the most massive borophagine by size or weight, it had a more highly evolved capacity to crunch bone than earlier, larger genera such as Epicyon, which seems to be an evolutionary trend of the group (Turner, 2004).
Lycaon sekowei is an extinct canid species from southern Africa that lived during the early Pleistocene epoch, dating from 2 to 1 million years ago. [1] [2]Hartstone-Rose and colleagues claimed that L. sekowei was a hypercarnivore just like the modern African wild dog (L. pictus), though its front paws were not as specialized for running.