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  2. Gross margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_margin

    In a more complex example, if an item costs $204 to produce and is sold for a price of $340, the price includes a 67% markup ($136) which represents a 40% gross margin. This means that 40% of the $340 is profit. Again, gross margin is just the direct percentage of profit in the sale price.

  3. Percentage-of-completion method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage-of-Completion...

    The accounting for long term contracts using the percentage of completion method is an exception to the basic realization principle. This method is used wherein the revenues are determined based on the costs incurred so far. The percentage of completion method is used when: Collections are assured; The accounting system can: Estimate profitability

  4. Profit margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profit_margin

    If the revenue is the same as the cost, profit percentage is 0%. The result above or below 100% can be calculated as the percentage of return on investment. In this example, the return on investment is a multiple of 1.5 of the investment, corresponding to a 150% gain. [4]

  5. Contribution margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contribution_margin

    In Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis, where it simplifies calculation of net income and, especially, break-even analysis.. Given the contribution margin, a manager can easily compute breakeven and target income sales, and make better decisions about whether to add or subtract a product line, about how to price a product or service, and about how to structure sales commissions or bonuses.

  6. Revenue recognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenue_recognition

    The method used for determining revenue of a long-term contract can be complex. Usually two methods are employed to calculate the percentage of completion: (i) by calculating the percentage of accumulated cost incurred to the total budgeted cost; (ii) by determining the percentage of deliverable completed as a percentage of total deliverable.

  7. Operating margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_margin

    Almost by definition, overheads are costs that cannot be directly tied to any specific product or division. The classic example would be the cost of headquarters staff. [1] Net profit: To calculate net profit for a unit (such as a company or division), subtract all costs, including a fair share of total corporate overheads, from the gross ...

  8. Operating ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_ratio

    In finance, the operating ratio is a company's operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. This financial ratio is most commonly used for industries which require a large percentage of revenues to maintain operations, such as railroads. [1] In railroading, an operating ratio of 80 or lower is considered desirable.

  9. Completed-contract method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Completed-contract_method

    Accounting for long term contracts can be done in two ways: through the completed-contract method and the percentage of completion method. The choice between the two depends on the provisions of SOP 81-1 from the AICPA. The completed-contract method recognizes income only when the contract is completed or substantially completed. [1]