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Russian is an East Slavic language of the wider Indo-European family. It is a descendant of Old East Slavic, a language used in Kievan Rus', which was a loose conglomerate of East Slavic tribes from the late 9th to the mid-13th centuries. From the point of view of spoken language, its closest relatives are Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Rusyn, [ 37 ...
Although Russian is the only federally official language of Russia, there are several other officially recognized languages within Russia's various constituencies – article 68 of the Constitution of Russia only allows the various republics of Russia to establish official languages other than Russian.
Russian language in the Russian Empire according to the 1897 census. The political reforms of Peter the Great were accompanied by a reform of the alphabet, and achieved their goal of secularization and modernization. Blocks of specialized vocabulary were adopted from the languages of Western Europe.
The Test of Russian as a Foreign Language comprises 5 parts examining language competences: writing, vocabulary/grammar, reading, listening and speaking. Usually the exam is held over a period of 2 days. On the first day candidates take the "Writing", "Vocabulary/Grammar" and “Reading" parts, on the second day – "Listening" and "Speaking ...
The Pushkin State Russian Language Institute was founded in 1966 as a part of Moscow State University.In 1973, it obtained its independence and in 1999 a Philological Department was established so that Russian native speakers can do bachelor’s (4 years), Master's (2 years) and Ph.D. (3 years) programmes in teaching Russian as a foreign language.
The Russian alphabet (ру́сский алфави́т, russkiy alfavit, [ a ] or ру́сская а́збука, russkaya azbuka, [ b ] more traditionally) is the script used to write the Russian language. It comes from the Cyrillic script, which was devised in the 9th century for the first Slavic literary language, Old Slavonic.
The V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian: Институт русского языка имени В. В. Виноградова РАН) is the language regulator of the Russian language. It is based in Moscow and it is part of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It was founded in 1944 and is named ...
Russian grammar employs an Indo-European inflexional structure, with considerable adaptation. Russian has a highly inflectional morphology, particularly in nominals (nouns, pronouns, adjectives and numerals). Russian literary syntax is a combination of a Church Slavonic heritage, a variety of loaned and adopted constructs, and a standardized ...