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Most fish species with pharyngeal teeth do not have extendable pharyngeal jaws. A particularly notable exception is the highly mobile pharyngeal jaw of the moray eels.These are possibly a response to their inability to swallow as other fishes do by creating a negative pressure in the mouth, perhaps induced by their restricted environmental niche (burrows) or in the air in the intertidal zone. [10]
Monognathus, or onejaw, is the only genus of the family Monognathidae of deep-sea eels.The name comes from the Greek monos meaning "one" and gnathos meaning "jaw", a reference to the large mouth in comparison with the rest of the fish, and also the absence of an upper jaw (maxilla and premaxilla bones are absent).
Ilyophinae eels are caharcterised by having a lower jaw that is shorter than the upper jaw. In most taxa the upper body lacks scales and in some Dysomma species as well as Thermobiotes do not have a pectoral fin. They have depressed, relatively rounded heads with some rather long teeth. [1]
The species is characterized by a distinctive high number of anal fin rays and a short, blunt head with a straight lower jaw. It is unpigmented or transparent, with five or six spots of pigment along the body. Individuals are sized at around 55–70 millimetres (2.2–2.8 in) in length. [2]
Monognathus ahlstromi, the paddletail onejaw, is an ocean-dwelling eel found in the North Pacific Ocean off of the coast of the United States. It is found up to a depth of 2,000 m (6,600 ft). [4] [5] It does not provide parental care. [5] Little information is currently known about its habits or full distribution.
The jaws of the Kidako moray, or moray eels in general, hold a dual-jaw system for feeding. [10] They primarily use the oral jaws to deliver prey into the esophagus with sharp and piercing teeth. The teeth are curved backward and point towards its throat to avoid prey coming back out of its mouth. [ 13 ]
Gymnothorax tile, like any other moray eel, possesses a second set of jaws, called the pharyngeal jaws, to swallow their prey. The Indian mud moray's eyesight is very poor, and instead of using vision, the species rather relies upon a keen sense of smell and vibrations in the water to detect prey or threats.
Dysommina rugosa is an eel in the family Synaphobranchidae (cutthroat eels). It was described by Isaac Ginsburg in 1951. [2] It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from the western Atlantic and eastern central Pacific Ocean. It dwells at a depth range of 260–775 metres, and is found off the continental slope.