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Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [ 1 ] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second impact syndrome. [ 2 ]
If another blow to the head occurs after a concussion but before its symptoms have gone away, there is a slight risk of developing the serious second-impact syndrome (SIS). [62] [63] In SIS, the brain rapidly swells, greatly increasing intracranial pressure. [62]
Second-impact syndrome is a result of a second head injury before the brain has adequate time to heal between concussions. [3] It typically give signs and symptoms of a post-concussion syndrome (visual, motor, or sensory abnormalities and difficulties with cognitive processes).
A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury usually “caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth ...
Twenty-one athletes had a history of concussion and 22 did not. Concussed athletes had their last injury at least nine months before the MRI scans, and half were 26 months or more post-concussion.
The condition may develop in people who receive a second blow days or weeks after an initial concussion before its symptoms have gone away. [27] No one is certain of the cause of this often fatal complication, but it is commonly thought that the swelling occurs because the brain's arterioles lose the ability to regulate their diameter, causing ...
Figure Skater Amber Glenn Suffered 'Severe' Concussion 1 Year Before Her Historic ISU Grand Prix Final Win. Rachel Flynn. December 29, 2024 at 5:00 AM. International Skating Union via Getty.
A young person who receives a second concussion before symptoms from another one have healed may be at risk for developing a very rare but deadly condition called second-impact syndrome, in which the brain swells catastrophically after even a mild blow, with debilitating or deadly results.