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The up tack or falsum (⊥, \bot in LaTeX, U+22A5 in Unicode [1]) is a constant symbol used to represent: . The truth value 'false', or a logical constant denoting a proposition in logic that is always false (often called "falsum" or "absurdum").
In engineering, double-subscript notation is a notation used to indicate some variable between two points (each point being represented by one of the subscripts). In electronics, the notation is usually used to indicate the direction of current or voltage, while in mechanical engineering it is sometimes used to describe the force or stress between two points, and sometimes even a component ...
Thus "H₂O" (using a subscript 2 character) is supposed to be identical to "H 2 O" (with subscript markup). In reality, many fonts that include these characters ignore the Unicode definition, and instead design the digits for mathematical numerator and denominator glyphs, [3] [4] which are aligned with the cap line and the baseline, respectively.
Superscripts and subscripts of arbitrary height can be done with the \raisebox{<dimen>}{<text>} command: the first argument is the amount to raise, and the second is the text; a negative first argument will lower the text. In this case the text is not resized automatically, so a sizing command can be included, e.g. go\raisebox{1ex}{\large home}.
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
The American Mathematical Society created a simple chalk-style blackboard bold typeface in 1985 to go with the AMS-TeX package created by Michael Spivak, accessed using the \Bbb command (for "blackboard bold"); in 1990, the AMS released an update with a new inline-style blackboard bold font intended to better match Times. [17]
In LaTeX mathematical mode, the ASCII vertical bar produces a vertical line, and \| creates a double vertical line (a | b \| c is set as | ‖). This has different spacing from \mid and \parallel , which are relational operators : a \mid b \parallel c is set as a ∣ b ∥ c {\displaystyle a\mid b\parallel c} .
The tee (⊤, \top in LaTeX), also called down tack (as opposed to the up tack) or verum, [1] is a symbol used to represent: . The top element in lattice theory.; The truth value of being true in logic, or a sentence (e.g., formula in propositional calculus) which is unconditionally true.