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The rabbit test became a widely used bioassay (animal-based test) to test for pregnancy. The term "rabbit test" was first recorded in 1949, and was the origin of a common euphemism, "the rabbit died", for a positive pregnancy test. [4] The phrase was, in fact, based on a common misconception about the test.
Before immunological pregnancy tests were developed in the 1960s, women relied on urine-based pregnancy tests using animals, ranging from mice to frogs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Advancements in medical technology have enabled women to accurately check their pregnancy status by using 'pee-on-a-stick' pregnancy test kits at home.
Immunologic pregnancy tests were introduced in 1960 when Wide and Gemzell presented a test based on in-vitro hemagglutination inhibition. This was a first step away from in-vivo pregnancy testing [ 42 ] [ 43 ] and initiated a series of improvements in pregnancy testing leading to the contemporary at-home testing. [ 43 ]
The results of the blood test are then combined with the NT ultrasound measurements, maternal age, and gestational age of the fetus to yield a risk score for Down syndrome, trisomy 18, and trisomy 13. First Trimester Combined Test has a sensitivity (i.e. detection rate for abnormalities) of 82–87% and a false-positive rate of around 5%. [74] [75]
Gravindex is an agglutination inhibition test performed on a urine sample to detect pregnancy. [1] It is based on double antigen antibody reaction. The test detects the prevention of agglutination of HCG-coated latex particles by HCG present in the urine of pregnant women. [2]
Vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS), sometimes referred to as fetal vibroacoustic stimulation or fetal acoustic stimulation test (FAST), is the application of a vibratory sound stimulus to the abdomen of a pregnant woman to induce FHR (fetal heart rate) accelerations.
SOURCE: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, University of North Dakota (2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010).Read our methodology here.. HuffPost and The Chronicle examined 201 public D-I schools from 2010-2014.
Margaret Crane's patent illustration for "Diagnostic Test Device", the first home pregnancy test. Margaret M. Crane (Meg Crane) is an American inventor and graphic designer who created the first at home pregnancy test in 1967 while working at Organon Pharmaceuticals in West Orange, New Jersey. [1]