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The Rebuilding of Jerusalem. In the 20th year of Artaxerxes I (445 or 444 BC), [5] Nehemiah was cup-bearer to the king. [6] Learning that the remnant of Jews in Judah were in distress and that the walls of Jerusalem were broken down, he asked the king for permission to return and rebuild the city, [7] around 13 years after Ezra's arrival in Jerusalem in ca. 458 BC. [8]
Then, Artaxerxes I or possibly Darius II allowed Ezra and Nehemiah to return and rebuild the city's walls and to govern Judea, which was ruled as Yehud Medinata. During the Second Temple period, especially during the Hasmonean period, the city walls were expanded and renovated, constituting what Josephus calls the First Wall.
"The sheep gate": was the starting place of the wall rebuilding account (Nehemiah 3:1). [11] "The goldsmiths and the merchants": represented communities that 'largely and closely interested in the transactions connected with Temple offerings', indicated by the mention of their working in proximity to repair the wall.
The fourth migration was led by Nehemiah, who was granted a leave of absence to rebuild Jerusalem and repair its city walls in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes I (445 or 444 BC). [13] He was given permission to cut down woods and was escorted by Persian troops. [16]
The books of Ezra–Nehemiah record that the construction of the Second Temple was finished in the sixth year of Darius the Great (516 BCE), following which Artaxerxes I sent Ezra and then Nehemiah to rebuild the city's walls and to govern the Yehud province within the Eber-Nari satrapy.
Building the Wall of Jerusalem. The Book of Nehemiah in the Hebrew Bible, largely takes the form of a first-person memoir by Nehemiah, a Jew who is a high official at the Persian court, concerning the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile and the dedication of the city and its people to God's laws ().
In the second year of his rule the work of rebuilding the temple was resumed and carried forward to its completion, [14] under the stimulus of the earnest counsels and admonitions of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah. It was ready for consecration in the spring of 516 BCE, more than twenty years after the return from captivity.
Nehemiah 6 is the sixth chapter of the Book of Nehemiah ... and the rest of our enemies heard that I had rebuilt the wall, ... that is why you are building the wall ...