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The United States immigration courts, immigration judges, and the Board of Immigration Appeals, which hears appeals from them, are part of the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) within the United States Department of Justice. (USCIS is part of the Department of Homeland Security.) [7]
The INS was established on June 10, 1933, merging these previously separate areas of administration. In 1890, the federal government, rather than the individual states, regulated immigration into the United States, [3] and the Immigration Act of 1891 established a Commissioner of Immigration in the Treasury Department.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE; / aɪ s /) is a federal law enforcement agency under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.ICE's stated mission is to protect the United States from cross-border crime and undocumented immigration that threaten national security and public safety.
The United States Transportation Security Administration (TSA) protects U.S. transportation systems (e.g. airport security) and ensures freedom of movement for people and commerce. [30] It was created as a result of the September 11 attacks in the United States by the Aviation and Transportation Security Act of 2001. [31]
The Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) is a sub-agency of the United States Department of Justice whose chief function is to conduct removal proceedings in immigration courts and adjudicate appeals arising from the proceedings. These administrative proceedings determine the removability and admissibility of
Historically, immigration to the United States has been regulated through a series of Naturalization Acts and Immigration Acts. Since 2003, the Department of Homeland Security has been responsible for carrying out immigration policy in the United States, and the department has three agencies that oversee immigration.