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a. I have gone (affirmative) b. I have not gone (negative; have is the auxiliary) (9) a. He goes (affirmative) b. #He goes not (negative) but that wording is considered archaic and is rarely used. It is much more common to use the dummy auxiliary to render He does not go (since there is no auxiliary in the original sentence)
By the mid-1970s, regular rules for lengths of speeches developed. Each side (Affirmative and Negative) was afforded two opening "constructive" speeches, and two closing "rebuttal" speeches, for a total of eight speeches each debate round. Each speaker was cross-examined by their opponent for a period following his or her constructive speech.
An Affirmative Pocket Turn gets a boost in solvency, or captured advantage, at least over the status quo without any thought to the Negative. If the Affirmative is running a plan to save lives, and there are X number of dying persons in the status quo, the Negative's unwillingness to challenge the Affirmative's plan solvency directly is a ...
The First Negative Constructive (1NC) is the first speech given by the negative team and the second speech in the round. It is given by the first negative speaker. The 1NC will generally present all of the major arguments which the negative plans to present in the round. Off-case arguments made include topicality, disadvantages, counter plans ...
In the competition, one side (called the affirmative) must support the resolution, and the other side (called the negative) must show that the action does not conform to the principle or that the affirmative has not shown how it does so (there are different schools of thought as to the negative's burden).
The court considered two affirmative action cases, one against Harvard University and the other against the University of North Carolina, and announced its 6-3 and 6-2 rulings, respectively, on ...
Interest arguments clarify interests or values, to change policy debate itself affecting both the resolution and the types of policy plans that can be considered by Affirmative and Negative sides. For example, an Affirmative running an "environment case" on a "climate change" topic will clash with a Negative case that gives evidence to support ...
Showing that "every coin" is two-sided, meaning that "every" situation will always have a positive or negative outcome, depending on how you look at it. 3. "A problem is an opportunity."