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  2. Genome size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_size

    Genome size ranges (in base pairs) of various life forms. Genome size is the total amount of DNA contained within one copy of a single complete genome.It is typically measured in terms of mass in picograms (trillionths (10 −12) of a gram, abbreviated pg) or less frequently in daltons, or as the total number of nucleotide base pairs, usually in megabases (millions of base pairs, abbreviated ...

  3. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides. [6] [7] The structure of DNA is dynamic along its length, being capable of coiling into tight loops and other shapes. [8] In all species it is composed of two helical chains, bound to each other by hydrogen bonds.

  4. Centisome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centisome

    A centisome is a unit of length defined as one percent of the length of a particular chromosome. [1] This course unit of physical DNA length began to be used in the early exploration of genomes through molecular biology before the resolution of the nucleic acid sequences of chromosomes was possible.

  5. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    The total length of the human reference genome does not represent the sequence of any specific individual, nor does it represent the sequence of all of the DNA found within a cell. The human reference genome only includes one copy of each of the paired, homologous autosomes plus one copy of each of the two sex chromosomes (X and Y).

  6. Mitochondrial DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

    Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) ... The first type is a circular genome that has introns (type 2) and may range from 19 to 1000 kbp in length. The second genome ...

  7. Nucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide

    This nucleotide contains the five-carbon sugar deoxyribose (at center), a nucleobase called adenine (upper right), and one phosphate group (left). The deoxyribose sugar joined only to the nitrogenous base forms a Deoxyribonucleoside called deoxyadenosine, whereas the whole structure along with the phosphate group is a nucleotide, a constituent of DNA with the name deoxyadenosine monophosphate.