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For cameras that can only focus on one object distance at a time, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in the image. [1] ". Acceptably sharp focus" is defined using a property called the "circle of confusion". The depth of field can be determined by focal length, distance ...
f-number. Diagram of decreasing apertures, that is, increasing f-numbers, in one-stop increments; each aperture has half the light-gathering area of the previous one. An f-number is a measure of the light-gathering ability of an optical system such as a camera lens. It is calculated by dividing the system's focal length by the diameter of the ...
Aperture. In biology, the pupil (appearing as a black hole) of the eye is its aperture and the iris is its diaphragm. In humans, the pupil can constrict to as small as 2 mm (f/ 8.3) and dilate to larger than 8 mm (f/ 2.1) in some individuals. In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisted of a single lens) is a hole ...
Around 1880, photographers realized that aperture size affected depth of field. [ 1 ] : 12 Aperture control gained more significance, and adjustable stops became a standard lens feature. The iris diaphragm made its appearance as an adjustable lens stop in the 1880s, and it became the standard adjustable stop about 1900.
Exposure value is a base-2 logarithmic scale defined by (Ray 2000, 318): where. N is the f-number. t is the exposure time ("shutter speed") in seconds [2] EV 0 corresponds to an exposure time of 1 s and an aperture of f/1.0. If the EV is known, it can be used to select combinations of exposure time and f-number, as shown in Table 1.
Depth of field when the PoF is rotated When the lens and image planes are parallel, the depth of field (DoF) extends between parallel planes on either side of the plane of focus. When the Scheimpflug principle is employed, the DoF becomes wedge shaped (Merklinger 1996, 32; Tillmanns 1997, 71), [ f ] with the apex of the wedge at the PoF ...
These AE SLRs were only semi-automatic. With shutter-priority control, the camera would set the lens aperture after the photographer chose a shutter speed to freeze or blur motion. With aperture-priority control, the camera would set the shutter speed after the photographer chose a lens aperture f-stop to control depth of field (focus).
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