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Byzantine era monasteries in Meteora. The Byzantine fortress of Kavala. Greece was raided in Macedonia in 479 and 482 by the Ostrogoths under their king, Theodoric the Great (493–526). [2] The Bulgars also raided Thrace and the rest of northern Greece in 540 and on repeated other occasions.
The vast Byzantine bureaucracy had many titles, more varied than aristocratic and military titles. In Constantinople there were normally hundreds, if not thousands, of bureaucrats at any time. Like members of the Church and the military, they wore elaborately differentiated dress, often including huge hats.
The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD. From the 3rd to 6th centuries, the Greek East and Latin West of the Roman Empire gradually diverged, marked by Diocletian's (r. 284–305) formal partition of its administration in 285, [1] the establishment of an eastern capital in Constantinople by Constantine I in 330, [n ...
Byzantine battle tactics. The Byzantine army evolved from that of the late Roman period taking as leading models and shaping itself on the late Hellenistic armies, [ 1 ] but it became considerably more sophisticated in strategy, tactics and organization. The language of the army was still Latin, although later (especially after the 6th century ...
A large corpus of Byzantine military literature survives. Characteristically Byzantine manuals were first produced in the sixth century. They greatly proliferated in the tenth century, when the Byzantines embarked on their conquests in the East and the Balkans, but production abated after the early eleventh century.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Byzantine Empire: Byzantine Empire (or Byzantium) – the Constantinople -centred Roman Empire of the Middle Ages. It is also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, primarily in the context of Late Antiquity, while the Roman Empire was still administered with ...
The themes or thémata (Greek: θέματα, thémata, singular: θέμα, théma) were the main military and administrative divisions of the middle Byzantine Empire.They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic migrations to Southeastern Europe and Muslim conquests of parts of Byzantine territory, and replaced the earlier provincial system established by ...
568-750: Byzantine-Lombard Wars in northern Italy. 572–591: Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 over the Caucasus. 589: Franco-Lombard-Byzantine conflict over the Po Valley. The war was stopped by breaching dam in Cucca. 582–602: Maurice's Balkan campaigns against the Avars and Slavs in the Balkans.