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The two-round system (TRS or 2RS), also called ballotage, top-two runoff, or two-round plurality (as originally termed in French [1]), is a single winner voting method. It is sometimes called plurality-runoff , [ 2 ] although this term can also be used for other, closely-related systems such as instant-runoff (or ranked-choice) voting or the ...
Under the two-round system (also known as runoff voting and the second ballot) voters vote for only a single candidate, rather than ranking candidates in order of preference. As under the contingent vote, if no candidate has an absolute majority in the first round, all but the top two are eliminated and there is a second round.
Some countries use a modified form of the two-round system, such as Ecuador where a candidate in the presidential election is declared the winner if they receive 40% of the vote and are 10% ahead of their nearest rival, [5] or Argentina (45% plus 10% ahead), where the system is known as ballotage.
Two-round system, a voting system where only the top two candidates from the first round continue to the second round. Instant-runoff voting, an electoral system where last-place candidates are eliminated one by one until only one candidate is left. Contingent vote, an instant-runoff (preferential, single round) version of the two-round system.
The State of Georgia uses a two-round system, where if no candidate receives a majority of votes, then there is a runoff between the two highest polling candidates. [citation needed] Since 2002, several cities have adopted instant-runoff voting. Voters rank the candidates in order of preference rather than voting for a single candidate.
However the two systems often produce different winners. This is because, under the two-round system, a candidate may be eliminated in the first round who would have gone on to win the contest if they had been permitted to survive to the second round. In the example above, the two round system would have selected Nashville instead of Knoxville.
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Example Condorcet method voting ballot. Blank votes are equivalent to ranking that candidate last. A Condorcet method (English: / k ɒ n d ɔːr ˈ s eɪ /; French: [kɔ̃dɔʁsɛ]) is an election method that elects the candidate who wins a majority of the vote in every head-to-head election against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate.