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  2. Post-stroke depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-stroke_depression

    HPA axis dysfunction is associated with both sustained elevation of glucocorticoid levels and chronic inflammation, both of which are associated with major depressive disorder. [11] Dysregulation of the HPA axis can perpetuate a cycle of neuroinflammation that exacerbates depressive symptoms. [3]

  3. Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

    Schematic of the HPA axis (CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone) Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis or HTPA axis) is a complex set of direct influences and feedback interactions among three components: the hypothalamus (a part of the brain located below the thalamus), the pituitary gland (a ...

  4. Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_hypothalamic...

    When the body is stressed, the sympathetic adrenal-medullary (SAM) axis is activated, followed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. [12] These events suppress the HPO axis because the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the HPA axis inhibit the secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus. [12]

  5. Biology of depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_of_depression

    This leads to alteration in emotion and cognition related brain regions as well as HPA axis dysfunction. Through the dysfunction, the effects of stress can be exacerbated including its effects on 5-HT. Furthermore, some of these effects are reversed by antidepressant action, which may act by increasing hippocampal neurogenesis.

  6. Glucocorticoid deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucocorticoid_deficiency

    Glucocorticoid deficiency can also be acquired after birth due to damage or dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis), which regulates cortisol production. [4] Common causes of acquired glucocorticoid deficiency include autoimmune conditions affecting the HPA axis (such as autoimmune adrenalitis) and infections, such as ...

  7. Schizophrenia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia

    These genes code for stress response proteins needed in the control of the HPA axis, and their interaction can affect this axis. Response to stress can cause lasting changes in the function of the HPA axis possibly disrupting the negative feedback mechanism, homeostasis, and the regulation of emotion leading to altered behaviors. [82]

  8. Gut–brain axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gut–brain_axis

    The gut–brain axis, a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system, is important for maintaining homeostasis and is regulated through the central and enteric nervous systems and the neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways, and especially including the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis). [2]

  9. Hypothalamic–pituitary hormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

    They can be classified as a hypothalamic–pituitary axis (HP axis) of which the adrenal (HPA Tooltip hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis), gonadal (HPG Tooltip hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis), thyroid (HPT Tooltip hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis), somatotropic (HPS Tooltip hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis), and ...