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Vitruvius is famous for asserting in his book De architectura that a structure must exhibit the three qualities of firmitatis, utilitatis, venustatis – that is, stability, utility, and beauty. These are sometimes termed the Vitruvian virtues or the Vitruvian Triad. According to Vitruvius, architecture is an imitation of nature.
Etruscan architecture was created between about 900 BC and 27 BC, ... Vitruvius specifies three doors and three cellae, one for each of the main Etruscan deities, ...
A 1521 Italian language edition of De architectura, translated and illustrated by Cesare Cesariano Manuscript of Vitruvius; parchment dating from about 1390. De architectura (On architecture, published as Ten Books on Architecture) is a treatise on architecture written by the Roman architect and military engineer Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and dedicated to his patron, the emperor Caesar Augustus ...
The order of words chosen by Vitruvius, with structural integrity coming before the utility, can be explained in two ways. Either the emphasis on firmness was driven by an understanding of architecture as an "art of building", or by the fact that buildings frequently outlive their initial purpose, so "functions, customs, ... and fashions ... are only transitory" (Auguste Perret), and ...
While relatively simple columns with round capitals had been part of the vernacular architecture of Italy and much of Europe since at least Etruscan architecture, the Romans did not consider this style to be a distinct architectural order (for example, the Roman architect Vitruvius did not include it alongside his descriptions of the Greek ...
According to Vitruvius, [4] the Etruscan type of temples (as, for example, at Portonaccio, near Veio) had three cellae, side by side, [3] conjoined by a double row of columns on the façade. This is an entirely new setup with respect to the other types of constructions found in Etruria and the Tyrrhenian side of Italy, which have one cell with ...
Stillicidium, a dripping of water from the eaves (stilla, drop, cadere, to fall), is the term in architecture given by Vitruvius (v. 7) to the dripping eaves of the roof of the Etruscan temple.
This timeline shows the periods of various architectural styles in the architecture of Italy. Italy's architecture spans almost 3,500 years, from Etruscan and Ancient Roman architecture to Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Art Nouveau, Fascist, and Italian modern and contemporary architecture. [1]