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Smallwood, E. Mary. 1976. The Jews under Roman Rule. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Stern, Menahem, ed. 1974. Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism. 3 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Varhelyi, Zsuzsanna. 2000. "Jews in Civic Life under the Roman Empire." Acta antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 40.1/4:471 ...
The Second Temple Period: Covers Jewish history under Persian, Greek, and Roman rule, including the idea of the Messiah, the Maccabees, the Apocalyptic literature, Herod, Jesus, Early Christianity, Paul, the Jewish–Roman wars, the rise of Rabbinic Judaism and the split of Christianity and Judaism.
The siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), a major rebellion against Roman rule in the province of Judaea.Led by Titus, the Roman forces besieged the city, which had become the stronghold of Jewish resistance.
[4] [2] [8] [3] [1] [6] [5] The Jewish Museum in Rome serves as a repository for historical artifacts, documents, and works of art that tell the story of the community's long and storied history. [4] [2] [5] [1] The museum's exhibitions and educational programs help to raise awareness about the contributions and experiences of Roman Jews.
Jewish and Christian life evolved in "diametrically opposite directions" during the final centuries of Roman Empire. Jewish life became autonomous, decentralized, community-centered. Christian life became a hierarchical system under the supreme authority of the Pope and the Roman Emperor. [30] Jewish life can be characterized as democratic.
The census triggered a revolt of Jewish extremists (called Zealots) led by Judas of Galilee. [4] Galilee itself was a separate territory under the rule of Herod Antipas .) Judas seems to have found the census objectionable because it ran counter to a biblical injunction (the traditional Jewish reading of Exodus 30:12 ) and because it would lead ...
The Roman and Byzantine Decapolis region was influenced and gradually taken over by Christianity. Some cities were more receptive than others to the new religion. Pella was a base for some of the earliest church leaders (Eusebius reports that the apostles fled there to escape the First Jewish–Roman War). In other cities, paganism persisted ...
The Roman campaigns led to the near-depopulation of Judea through widespread killings, mass enslavement, and the displacement of many Jews from the region. Roman rule in Judaea had been deeply resented, especially after the destruction of Jerusalem and the Second Temple in 70 CE during the First Jewish–Roman War. In its aftermath, the Romans ...