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Compared to the first coordination sphere, the second coordination sphere has a less direct influence on the reactivity and chemical properties of the metal complex. Nonetheless the second coordination sphere is relevant to understanding reactions of the metal complex, including the mechanisms of ligand exchange and catalysis.
The term is mainly used in coordination chemistry. The template effects emphasizes the pre-organization provided by the coordination sphere, although the coordination modifies the electronic properties (acidity, electrophilicity, etc.) of ligands. [1] An early example is the dialkylation of a nickel dithiolate: [2]
Cisplatin, PtCl 2 (NH 3) 2, is a coordination complex of platinum(II) with two chloride and two ammonia ligands.It is one of the most successful anticancer drugs. A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands ...
Chloro(pyridine)cobaloxime is a coordination compound containing a Co III center with octahedral coordination. It has been considered as a model compound of vitamin B 12 for studying the properties and mechanism of action of the vitamin.
The so-called inner sphere mechanism entails coordination of the alkene to the metal center. [8] Other characteristics of this mechanism include a tendency for a homolytic splitting of dihydrogen when more electron-rich, low-valent metals are present while electron-poor, high valent metals normally exhibit a heterolytic cleavage of dihydrogen ...
Coordination Chemistry is the science concerned with the interactions of organic and inorganic ligands with metal centres. It studies the physical and chemical properties, syntheses and structures of coordination compounds .
An example is the conversion of the aquo complex [Co(NH 3) 5 (H 2 O)] 3+ with bromide to give pentamminecobalt(III) bromide complex: [Co(NH 3) 5 (H 2 O)] 3+ + Br − → [Co(NH 3) 5 Br] 2+ + H 2 O. The mechanism of such reactions often invoke ion-pairing of the entering anion in the second coordination sphere followed by dissociation of the ...
In coordination chemistry, a macrocyclic ligand is a macrocyclic ring having at least nine atoms (including all hetero atoms) and three or more donor sites that serve as ligands. [1] Crown ethers and porphyrins are prominent examples. Macrocyclic ligands often exhibit high affinity for metal ions, the macrocyclic effect.