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The pharyngeal nerve is a small branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2), [1]: 496 arising at the posterior part of the pterygopalatine ganglion. It passes through the palatovaginal canal [1]: 370, 496 with the pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery. [1]: 508
The first pharyngeal arch, also mandibular arch (corresponding to the first branchial arch of fish), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. [10] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove .
The six pharyngeal arches give rise to much of the skeletal and muscular tissue in the head and neck region. When the embryo is 42 days old, the mesenchymal arches can be recognized with its corresponding cranial nerve. [1] The first pharyngeal arch forms maxillary and mandibular processes. It is innervated by the trigeminal nerve and molds ...
The arches are numbered from 1 to 6, with 1 being the arch closest to the head of the embryo, and the fifth arch only existing transiently. [10]: 318–323 Arches 4 and 6 produce the laryngeal cartilages. The nerve of the sixth arch becomes the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The nerve of the fourth arch gives rise to the superior laryngeal nerve.
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve is the principal motor nerve of the pharynx. It represents the motor component of the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve and ultimately provides motor innervation to most of the muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle), and of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). [1]
The mandibular nerve is both sensory and motor. Development. Embryologically, the muscles of mastication are all derived from the first pharyngeal arch. The ...
In the embryonic development of vertebrates, pharyngeal pouches form on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches. The pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches.
Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) are the efferent nerve fibers that provide motor innervation to the muscles of the pharyngeal arches in humans, and the branchial arches in fish. [1] Some sources prefer the term "branchiomotor" [2] or "branchial efferent". [3]