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  2. 24-cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-cell

    Net. In four-dimensional geometry, the 24-cell is the convex regular 4-polytope [1] (four-dimensional analogue of a Platonic solid) with Schläfli symbol {3,4,3}. It is also called C 24, or the icositetrachoron, [2] octaplex (short for "octahedral complex"), icosatetrahedroid, [3] octacube, hyper-diamond or polyoctahedron, being constructed of octahedral cells.

  3. Planar Riemann surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_Riemann_surface

    Taking the principal value of the square root gives a conformal mapping of the extended sphere with [−1,1] removed onto the upper half-plane. The Möbius transformation (t − 1)/(t + 1} carries the upper half-plane onto the unit disk. Composition of these mappings results in the conformal mapping z − (z 2-1) 1/2, thus solving z = (w + w ...

  4. Sphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphere

    A sphere (from Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) [1] is a geometrical object that is a three-dimensional analogue to a two-dimensional circle.Formally, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. [2]

  5. Spherical coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_coordinate_system

    For example, one sphere that is described in Cartesian coordinates with the equation x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = c 2 can be described in spherical coordinates by the simple equation r = c. (In this system—shown here in the mathematics convention—the sphere is adapted as a unit sphere, where the radius is set to unity and then can generally be ignored ...

  6. Spherical geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_geometry

    The sum of the angles of a spherical triangle is not equal to 180°. A sphere is a curved surface, but locally the laws of the flat (planar) Euclidean geometry are good approximations. In a small triangle on the face of the earth, the sum of the angles is only slightly more than 180 degrees. A sphere with a spherical triangle on it.

  7. Squaring the circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squaring_the_circle

    Squaring the circle is a problem in geometry first proposed in Greek mathematics.It is the challenge of constructing a square with the area of a given circle by using only a finite number of steps with a compass and straightedge.

  8. n-sphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-sphere

    The octahedral ⁠ ⁠-sphere is a square (without its interior). The octahedral ⁠ 2 {\displaystyle 2} ⁠ -sphere is a regular octahedron ; hence the name. The octahedral ⁠ n {\displaystyle n} ⁠ -sphere is the topological join of ⁠ n + 1 {\displaystyle n+1} ⁠ pairs of isolated points. [ 9 ]

  9. Critical mass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_mass

    The shape with minimal critical mass and the smallest physical dimensions is a sphere. Bare-sphere critical masses at normal density of some actinides are listed in the following table. Most information on bare sphere masses is considered classified, since it is critical to nuclear weapons design, but some documents have been declassified. [3]