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Nicotine replacement therapy is as effective as medications, such as bupropion, in helping people quit smoking for at least six months. [16] All forms of nicotine replacement therapy, including nicotine gum, patches, nasal spray, inhalers, and lozenges, have similar success rates in terms of helping people stop smoking.
Smoking cessation, usually called quitting smoking or stopping smoking, is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking. [1] Tobacco smoke contains nicotine, which is addictive and can cause dependence. [2] [3] As a result, nicotine withdrawal often makes the process of quitting difficult.
The higher the total Fagerström score, the more intense is the patient's physical dependence to nicotine. In many countries nurses and pharmacists can use Fagerström to assess nicotine use and may initiate Nicotine Replacement Therapy. [4] [5] [6]
The first study of the pharmacokinetics of a transdermal nicotine patch in humans was published in 1984 [3] by Jed Rose, Murray Jarvik, and Daniel Rose, and was followed by publication by Rose et al. (1985) of results of a study of smokers showing that a transdermal nicotine patch reduced craving for cigarettes. [4]
Nicotine gum is a chewing gum containing a small dose of nicotine polacrilex. [1] It is classified as a short-acting (also called fast-acting) form of NRT because it relieves the cravings and symptoms that occur with smoking cessation more quickly than a long-acting NRT (i.e., the nicotine patch).
In 2021, the panel said people ages 50 to 80 who had smoked at least 20 “pack years” and were either still smoking or had quit within the last 15 years should be tested annually with low-dose ...