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The function of the cerebellar cortex is essentially to modulate information flowing through the deep nuclei. The microcircuitry of the cerebellum is schematized in Figure 5. Mossy and climbing fibers carry sensorimotor information into the deep nuclei, which in turn pass it on to various premotor areas, thus regulating the gain and timing of ...
A standard test of cerebellar function is to reach with the tip of the finger for a target at arm's length: A healthy person will move the fingertip in a rapid straight trajectory, whereas a person with cerebellar damage will reach slowly and erratically, with many mid-course corrections. Deficits in non-motor functions are more difficult to ...
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, [1] is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.It is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system, [2] and plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness.
The cerebellum is divided into an anterior lobe, a posterior lobe, and the flocculonodular lobe. [32] The anterior and posterior lobes are connected in the middle by the vermis. [33] Compared to the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum has a much thinner outer cortex that is narrowly furrowed into numerous curved transverse fissures. [33]
Cortex Primary visual cortex (V1) V2; V3; V4; Gyri. Lateral occipital gyrus; Other Cuneus; Brodmann areas 17 (V1, primary visual cortex); 18, 19; Temporal lobe. Cortex Primary auditory cortex (A1) Secondary auditory cortex (A2) Inferior temporal cortex; V5/MT; Posterior inferior temporal cortex; Gyri. Superior temporal gyrus; Middle temporal ...
They develop in the cerebellar primordium that covers the fourth ventricle and below a fissure-like region called the isthmus of the developing brain. Purkinje cells migrate toward the outer surface of the cerebellar cortex and form the Purkinje cell layer. Purkinje cells are born during the earliest stages of cerebellar neurogenesis.
The superior colliculus, which plays a major role in visual control of behavior in most vertebrates, shrinks to a small size in mammals, and many of its functions are taken over by visual areas of the cerebral cortex. [60] The cerebellum of mammals contains a large portion (the neocerebellum) dedicated to supporting the cerebral cortex, which ...
Note: As the cerebrum is a gross division with many subdivisions and sub-regions, it is important to state that this section lists only functions that the cerebrum as a whole serves. (See main articles on cerebral cortex and basal ganglia for more information.) The cerebrum is a major part of the brain, controlling emotions, hearing, vision ...