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blue Copper(II) benzoate: Cu(C 7 H 5 O 2) 2: blue Cobalt(II) chloride: CoCl 2: dep blue Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate: CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O deep magenta Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate: MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O pink Copper(II) chloride dihydrate: CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O blue-green Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate: NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O green Lead(II) iodide: PbI 2 ...
Henry Cavendish, in 1766–81, identified hydrogen gas as a distinct substance [15] and discovered its property of producing water when burned; hence its name means "water-former" in Greek. Understanding the colors of light absorbed and emitted by hydrogen was a crucial part of developing quantum mechanics .
As of 2020, estimated costs of production are $1–1.80/kg for grey hydrogen and blue hydrogen, [177] and $2.50–6.80 for green hydrogen. [177] 94 million tonnes of grey hydrogen are produced globally using fossil fuels as of 2022, primarily natural gas, and are therefore a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. [178] [179] [180] [181]
The following list has substances known to be gases, but with an unknown boiling point. Fluoroamine; Trifluoromethyl trifluoroethyl trioxide CF 3 OOOCF 2 CF 3 boils between 10 and 20° [142]
All of those colors are scattered when they encounter dust and tiny gas molecules in our atmosphere, however blue and violet are scattered the most. That's because blue and violet light have the ...
The first decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, by electrolysis, was done in 1800 by English chemist William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle. [98] [99] In 1805, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Alexander von Humboldt showed that water is composed of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen. [100]
Hydrogen, being the lightest existing gas (7% the density of air, 0.08988 g/L at STP), seems to be the most appropriate gas for lifting. It can be easily produced in large quantities, for example with the water-gas shift reaction or electrolysis, but hydrogen has several disadvantages: Hydrogen is extremely flammable.
Water molecules have two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. While H 2 is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative, such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen; in these compounds hydrogen takes on a partial positive charge. [1]