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The word Holocene was formed from two Ancient Greek words. Hólos is the Greek word for "whole". "Cene" comes from the Greek word kainós (καινός), meaning "new". The concept is that this epoch is "entirely new". [7] [8] [9] The suffix '-cene' is used for all the seven epochs of the Cenozoic Era.
The Holocene extinction, also referred to as the Anthropocene extinction, [3] [4] is an ongoing extinction event caused by human activities during the Holocene epoch. This extinction event spans numerous families of plants [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and animals, including mammals , birds, reptiles, amphibians , fish, and invertebrates , impacting both ...
An epoch is the second smallest geochronologic unit. It is equivalent to a chronostratigraphic series. [14] [13] There are 37 defined epochs and one informal one. The current epoch is the Holocene. There are also 11 subepochs which are all within the Neogene and Quaternary. [2]
The scientific working group is proposing that Anthropocene Epoch followed the Holocene Epoch, which started about 11,700 years ago at the end of an ice age.
The Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) was a warm period in the first half of the Holocene epoch, that occurred in the interval roughly 9,500 to 5,500 years BP, [1] with a thermal maximum around 8000 years BP.
The Anthropocene is a now rejected proposal for the name of a geological epoch that would follow the Holocene, dating from the commencement of significant human impact on Earth up to the present day. It was rejected in 2024 by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in terms of being a defined geologic period. [1]
Scientists believe that the sediment layers of a lake in Canada point to a new era marked by the damaging consequences of human activities.
The Holocene Epoch began approximately 11,700 calendar years before present [10] and continues to the present. During the Holocene , continental motions have been less than a kilometer. The last glacial period of the current ice age ended about 10,000 years ago. [ 54 ]