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The kotwica was first painted on walls in Warsaw on 20 March 1942 by Polish boy scouts, as a psychological warfare tactic against the occupying Germans. On 27 June, it was used for a new form of minor sabotage: in order to commemorate the day of the patron saint for President Władysław Raczkiewicz and commander-in-chief Władysław Sikorski, members of the AK stamped several hundred copies ...
In Poland the scythemen formations are best remembered for their decisive role in the Battle of Racławice during the Kościuszko Uprising. [2] [3] Through this battle, well known in Poland, and because of Kościuszko's influence and pro-peasant stance, the kosynierzy became one of the symbols of the fight for Polish independence, as well as a symbol of self-identification of the peasantry ...
Anna Smoleńska (Polish pronunciation: [anna smɔlɛɲska]; February 28, 1920 in Warsaw – March 19, 1943 in Auschwitz-Birkenau), [1] pseudonym Hania, was a Polish student of art history at the University of Warsaw, [2] author of the symbol of Fighting Poland during World War II and girl scout of the Gray Ranks. [3] [4]
Stańczyk became a popular historical figure in Polish literature after the partitions (1795). Some writers treated him as a symbol of Poland's struggle for independence, others provided him with rather Shakespearean traits. He appears in a work of, among others, Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz (in Jan z Tęczna.
The European bison (Bison bonasus) is one of the national animals of Poland. The White stork (Ciconia ciconia) has a long history with Poland and is believed to be one of the national animals of the country. Poland's enduring national symbol has been the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), shown in the coat of arms. [11] [12] National mottos
First Polish language dictionary published in free Poland after the century of suppression of Polish culture by foreign powers. Polish (język polski, polszczyzna) is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages (also spelled Lechitic) composed of Polish, Kashubian, Silesian and its archaic variant Slovincian, and the extinct Polabian language.
Żeby Polska była Polską ("Let Poland be Poland"): a song written in 1976 by Jan Pietrzak. The song was regarded as an expression of the struggle against communist rule in Poland and support for the "Solidarity" movement in the 1980s. English translation of the title song is often quoted in various speeches.
The Lipka rebellion was a mutiny from 1672 of several cavalry chorągwie (regiments) of Lipka Tatars, who had been serving in the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth since the 14th century.