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And that is actually the same as subtracting 7×10 n (clearly a multiple of 7) from 10×10 n. Similarly, when you turn a 3 into a 2 in the following decimal position, you are turning 30×10 n into 2×10 n, which is the same as subtracting 30×10 n −28×10 n, and this is again subtracting a multiple of 7. The same reason applies for all the ...
For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2. By the same principle, 10 is the least common multiple of −5 and −2 as well.
Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ... Composite number: A positive integer that can be factored into a product of smaller positive integers. Every integer greater than one is either prime or composite.
0, 1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 13, 20, 12, 21, 11, 22, 10, 23, 9, 24, 8, 25, 43, 62, ... "subtract if possible, otherwise add" : a (0) = 0; for n > 0, a ( n ) = a ( n − 1) − n if that number is positive and not already in the sequence, otherwise a ( n ) = a ( n − 1) + n , whether or not that number is already in the sequence.
14, 49, −21 and 0 are multiples of 7, whereas 3 and −6 are not. This is because there are integers that 7 may be multiplied by to reach the values of 14, 49, 0 and −21, while there are no such integers for 3 and −6.
When the GCD of the exponents is not 1, then powers larger than some value will only appear if they are a multiple of the GCD, e.g. for (+ +), powers of 24, 27,... will appear for some value(s) of but never values larger than 24 that are not multiples of 3 (nor the smaller values, 1-8, 10-14, 16, 17, 19-23).
The elements 2 and 1 + √ −3 are two maximal common divisors (that is, any common divisor which is a multiple of 2 is associated to 2, the same holds for 1 + √ −3, but they are not associated, so there is no greatest common divisor of a and b.
The 2-order or 2-adic order is simply a special case of the p-adic order at a general prime number p; see p-adic number for more on this broad area of mathematics. Many of the following definitions generalize directly to other primes. For an integer n, the 2-order of n (also called valuation) is the largest natural number ν such that 2 ν ...