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A CDC infographic on how antibiotic-resistant bacteria have the potential to spread from farm animals. The use of antibiotics in the husbandry of livestock includes treatment when ill (therapeutic), treatment of a group of animals when at least one is diagnosed with clinical infection (metaphylaxis [1]), and preventative treatment (prophylaxis).
Production of antibiotics is a naturally occurring event, that thanks to advances in science can now be replicated and improved upon in laboratory settings. Due to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the efforts of Florey and Chain in 1938, large-scale, pharmaceutical production of antibiotics has been made possible.
The medical application to industrial microbiology is the production of new drugs synthesized in a specific organism for medical purposes. Production of antibiotics is necessary for the treatment of many bacterial infections. Some natural occurring antibiotics and precursors, are produced through a process called fermentation. The ...
Further research confirmed that antibiotic use improved chicken health, resulting in increased egg production, lower mortality rates, and reduced illness. Consequently, farmers shifted from expensive animal proteins to comparatively inexpensive antibiotics and B12, as it enabled chickens to reach market weight faster and at a lower cost.
There are debates over whether the use of antibiotics in meat production is harmful to humans. [76] Since 1960 average cow's milk production has increased from 5-kilogram /day (11 lb) to 30-kilogram /day (66 lb) by 2008, as noted by Dale Bauman and Jude Capper in the Efficiency of Dairy Production and its Carbon Footprint. The article points to ...
[20] [22] These drugs were later renamed antibiotics by Selman Waksman, an American microbiologist, in 1947. [23] The term antibiotic was first used in 1942 by Selman Waksman and his collaborators in journal articles to describe any substance produced by a microorganism that is antagonistic to the growth of other microorganisms in high dilution.
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic . Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing.
Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAtL) is an Indian central public sector undertaking under the ownership of Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India. It is based in Pune, India. It is the first government-owned-drug manufacturer in India. It was the first to launch a recombinant DNA product, rHU-Erythropoietin (Hemax) in 1993.
