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  2. Five-point stencil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-point_stencil

    An illustration of the five-point stencil in one and two dimensions (top, and bottom, respectively). In numerical analysis, given a square grid in one or two dimensions, the five-point stencil of a point in the grid is a stencil made up of the point itself together with its four "neighbors".

  3. Actinide contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinoid_contraction

    It is more pronounced than the lanthanide contraction because the 5f electrons are less effective at shielding than 4f electrons. [1] It is caused by the poor shielding effect of nuclear charge by the 5f electrons along with the expected periodic trend of increasing electronegativity and nuclear charge on moving from left to right.

  4. Simplification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplification

    Simplification is the process of replacing a mathematical expression by an equivalent one that is simpler (usually shorter), according to a well-founded ordering. Examples include:

  5. Numerical differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_differentiation

    In fact, all the finite-difference formulae are ill-conditioned [4] and due to cancellation will produce a value of zero if h is small enough. [5] If too large, the calculation of the slope of the secant line will be more accurately calculated, but the estimate of the slope of the tangent by using the secant could be worse. [6]

  6. Lanthanide contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_contraction

    The lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in atomic radii and ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series, from left to right. It is caused by the poor shielding effect of nuclear charge by the 4f electrons along with the expected periodic trend of increasing electronegativity and nuclear charge on moving from left to right.

  7. ASCII - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII

    The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. [18] Locating the lowercase letters in sticks [a] [15] 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers.

  8. Order-5 square tiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order-5_square_tiling

    In geometry, the order-5 square tiling is a regular tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It has Schläfli symbol of {4,5}. Related polyhedra and tiling. Spherical

  9. Aurifeuillean factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurifeuillean_factorization

    In 1869, before the discovery of aurifeuillean factorizations, Landry [fr; es; de], through a tremendous manual effort, [8] [9] obtained the following factorization into primes: