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The Civil Armed Forces (CAF) [2] are a group of nine paramilitary and gendarmerie organisations, separate and distinct from the regular Pakistan Armed Forces.They are responsible for maintaining internal security, helping law enforcement agencies, border control, counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism, riot control, and anti-smuggling under the Ministry of Interior.
Military courts, in contrast to civilian courts, are operated by military staff, which includes judges and legal professionals. These individuals are members of the Pakistan Army, Navy, and Air Force. In addition to judges, other military personnel also have a significant influence on the decision-making process within these courts. [2]
A 2023 report by the United States Institute of Peace argues that China and Pakistan's military relationship has "advanced from an episodic partnership to a threshold alliance", Pakistan "increasingly sourced from China, especially the higher-end combat strike and power projection capabilities; and Pakistan continues to retire older U.S. and ...
The concept of National Security Council as a bridge of stabilizing the civil-military relations has always been favoured by the military spectrum of Pakistan since 1971. [2] In 1973, Pakistan military has sent repeated recommendations of peculiar structure of the NSC in which senior military commanders of Pakistan Armed Forces are ensured a ...
The United States and Pakistan's military have historically close ties and it was once called "America's most allied ally in Asia" by Dwight D. Eisenhower, [2] reflecting shared interests in security and stability in South Asia, Central Asia as well as in regions covering Eastern Europe. [3]
Civil-military co-operation; Civil-military operations; Civil–military relations during the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan government; Civil control of the military; Civilian dictatorship; CNN effect; Come Back Alive; Coup d'état; Criticism of the military of Pakistan
The Establishment (Urdu: اسٹیبلشمنٹ), also referred to as the military establishment, or deep state, is a term commonly used in Pakistan to describe the influence of the Pakistan Armed Forces, intelligence agencies, and associated pro-military entities within the country's governance structure.
The Pakistan Army had to be continually sent to secure the country's western borders. Afghan–Pakistan relations were to reach their lowest points in 1955 when diplomatic relations were severed with the ransacking of Pakistan's embassy in Kabul and again in 1961 when the Pakistan Army had to repel a major Afghan incursion in Bajaur region. [11]