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Diphenhydramine, sold under the brand name Benadryl among others, is an antihistamine and sedative. It is a first-generation H 1 -antihistamine and it works by blocking certain effects of histamine , which produces its antihistamine and sedative effects.
H 1 antagonists, also called H 1 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the H 1 receptor, helping to relieve allergic reactions.Agents where the main therapeutic effect is mediated by negative modulation of histamine receptors are termed antihistamines; other agents may have antihistaminergic action but are not true antihistamines.
There are four main types: H1, H2, H3, and H4. H1 receptors are linked to allergic responses, H2 to gastric acid regulation, H3 to neurotransmitter release modulation, and H4 to immune system function. There are four known histamine receptors: H 1 receptor H1 Receptors: These receptors are primarily located on smooth muscle cells, endothelial ...
A recent study published in August 2024 suggested that H1 receptor can act as an alternative entry point for the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus to infect cells, in addition to the main receptor ACE2. HRH1 also synergistically enhanced hACE2-dependent viral entry by interacting with hACE2.
An H 3-antihistamine is a classification of drugs used to inhibit the action of histamine at the H 3 receptor. H 3 receptors are primarily found in the brain and are inhibitory autoreceptors located on histaminergic nerve terminals, which modulate the release of histamine .
Cimetidine was the prototypical histamine H 2 receptor antagonist from which later drugs were developed. Cimetidine was the culmination of a project at Smith, Kline & French (SK&F; now GlaxoSmithKline) by James W. Black, C. Robin Ganellin, and others to develop a histamine receptor antagonist that would suppress stomach acid secretion.
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