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Butane (/ ˈ b juː t eɪ n /) is an alkane with the formula C 4 H 10. Butane exists as two isomers, n-butane with connectivity CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 and iso-butane with the formula (CH 3) 3 CH. Both isomers are highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gases that quickly vaporize at room temperature and pressure.
Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH 3) 3. It is an isomer of butane. Isobutane is a colorless, odorless gas. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom.
Number of isomers [3] [4] Number of isomers including stereoisomers [3] [5] Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride ...
The two isomers are extremely difficult to separate by distillation because of the proximity of their boiling points (~4 °C for cis and ~1 °C for trans [5]). However, separation is unnecessary in most industrial settings, as both isomers behave similarly in most of the desired reactions.
For example, cyclobutane and methylcyclopropane are isomers of each other (C 4 H 8), but are not isomers of butane (C 4 H 10). Branched alkanes are more thermodynamically stable than their linear (or less branched) isomers. For example, the highly branched 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane is about 1.9 kcal/mol more stable than its linear isomer, n ...
1-Butene (IUPAC name: But-1-ene, also known as 1-butylene) is the organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH 2 CH=CH 2.It is a colorless gas. But-1-ene is an alkene easily condensed to give a colorless liquid.
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C 4 H 9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane. The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:
Isobutylene is used in the production of a variety of products. It is alkylated with butane to produce isooctane or dimerized to diisobutylene (DIB) and then hydrogenated to make isooctane, a fuel additive. Isobutylene is also used in the production of methacrolein.