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The Shanghai French Concession [a] was a foreign concession in Shanghai, China from 1849 until 1943, which progressively expanded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. . The concession came to an end in 1943, when Vichy France under German pressure signed it over to the pro-Japanese Reorganized National Government of China in Nanj
It is located in Xintiandi, on Xingye Road (formerly Rue Wantz, in the Shanghai French Concession). [2] It is located in the historical shikumen buildings in which the 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party took place during the month of July in 1921. [3]
The congress began in a shikumen building of the French Concession area of Shanghai (near present-day Xintiandi in Huangpu District). In early June 1921, Dutch national Henk Sneevliet , also known as Ma Lin, a representative of Comintern , arrived in Shanghai, and urged various Communist cells in the country to get together for a national-level ...
Xintiandi (Chinese: 新天地; pinyin: Xīntiāndì, Shanghainese: Shinthidi lit. "New Heaven and Earth", [1] fig. "New World") is an affluent car-free shopping, eating and entertainment district of Shanghai. [2] [3] Xintiandi now refers to the wider area centered around Madang Road which includes both pedestrian-only and motor traffic roads.
Including the 2,525 acres of French Concession, the total area was eventually to reach 12.66 square miles. [ 10 ] Additional foreign concessions were set up in other treaty ports especially following the 1858 and 1860 Anglo-Chinese treaties, and from the mid-1890s to 1902, following the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901).
Densely populated shikumen neighbourhoods provided camouflage for revolutionaries. The Chinese Communist Party held its first conference in a shikumen residence in Shude Li, and its second conference in another shikumen residence in the French Concession.
The French troops did not move from the preserved French Concession, as the French Vichy government considered itself neutral. European residents of the International Settlement were forced to wear armbands to differentiate them, were evicted from their homes, and—just like Chinese citizens—were liable to maltreatment.
Flag of the Chinese Communist Party Flag of the Chinese Communist Party before the 1990s Location of the 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in July 1921, on Xintiandi, former French Concession, Shanghai.