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The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase.
Below are lists of extant fern families and subfamilies using the classification scheme proposed by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016 (PPG I). [1] The scheme is based on molecular phylogenetic studies, and also draws on earlier classifications, [1] particularly those by Smith et al. (2006), [2] Chase and Reveal (2009), [3] and Christenhusz et al. (2011). [4]
Binomial name; Davallia fejeensis. Hook. Davallia fejeensis is a species of epiphytic fern in the family Davalliaceae, commonly referred to as rabbit's foot fern. [1]
Athyrium filix-femina, the lady fern or common lady-fern, is a large, feathery species of fern native to temperate Asia, Europe, North Africa, Canada and the US. [1] It is often abundant (one of the more common ferns) in damp, shady woodland environments and is often grown for decoration.
Matteuccia is a genus of ferns with one species: Matteuccia struthiopteris (common names ostrich fern, fiddlehead fern, or shuttlecock fern). [4] The species epithet struthiopteris comes from Ancient Greek words στρουθίων ( strouthíōn ) "ostrich" and πτερίς ( pterís ) "fern".
Linnaeus was the first to describe bird's-nest fern with the binomial Asplenium nidus in his Species Plantarum of 1753. [11]A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades, [12] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study.
The fern grows on damp, sheltered woodland slopes and moist gullies, and they occasionally occur at high altitudes in cloud forests. Dicksonia antarctica is the most abundant tree fern in South Eastern Australia. The plant can grow in acid, neutral and alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade.
Binomial name; Polystichum vestitum C.Presl [1] ... Polystichum vestitum, commonly known as the prickly shield fern or pūnui , [2] is a hardy, ...