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A few sizes are close enough to interchange for most purposes, such as 19 mm (close to 3 ⁄ 4 inch (19.05 mm)), 8 mm (close to 5 ⁄ 16 inch (7.94 mm)) and 4 mm (close to 5 ⁄ 32 inch (3.97 mm)). In reality, a wrench with a width across the flats of exactly 15 mm would fit too tightly to use on a bolt with a width across the flats of 15 mm.
The major minus pitch technique also works for inch-based threads, but you must first calculate the pitch by converting the fraction of threads-per-inch (TPI) into a decimal. For example, a screw with a pitch of 1/20 in (20 threads per inch) has a pitch of 0.050 in and a 1 ⁄ 13 in pitch (13 threads per inch) has a pitch of 0.077 in.
Similar to a wood screw, except that it is generally much larger running to lengths up to 15 in (381 mm) with diameters from 0.25–0.5 in (6.35–12.70 mm) in commonly available (hardware store) sizes (not counting larger mining and civil engineering lags and lag bolts) and it generally has a hexagonal drive head.
where is the tap drill size, is the major diameter of the tap (e.g., 10 mm for a M10×1.5 tap), and pitch is the pitch of the thread (1.5 mm in the case of a standard M10 tap) and so the correct drill size is 8.5 mm. This works for both fine and coarse pitches, and also produces an approximate 75% thread.
Other (usually smaller) sizes may occur to reduce weight or cost, including the small series flange bolts defined in ISO 4162 which typically have hexagonal head sizes corresponding to the smaller 1st choice thread size (eg. M6 small series flange bolts have 8mm hexagonal heads, as would normally be found on M5 bolts). [10]
A Robertson screw, also known as a square screw [1] or Scrulox, [2] is a type of screw with a square-shaped socket in the screw head and a corresponding square protrusion on the tool.