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Infrared vision is the capability of biological or artificial systems to detect infrared radiation. The terms thermal vision and thermal imaging [ 1 ] [ 2 ] are also commonly used in this context since infrared emissions from a body are directly related to their temperature: hotter objects emit more energy in the infrared spectrum than colder ones.
Active-infrared night vision: the camera illuminates the scene at infrared wavelengths invisible to the human eye. Despite a dark back-lit scene, active-infrared night vision delivers identifying details, as seen on the display monitor. Infrared is used in night vision equipment when there is insufficient visible light to see. [34]
Active infrared night-vision combines infrared illumination of spectral range 700–1,000 nm (just over the visible spectrum of the human eye) with CCD cameras sensitive to this light. The resulting scene, which is apparently dark to a human observer, appears as a monochrome image on a normal display device. [13]
Some infrared cameras marketed as night vision are sensitive to near-infrared just beyond the visual spectrum, and can see emitted or reflected near-infrared in complete visual darkness. However, these are not usually used for thermography due to the high equivalent black-body temperature required, but are instead used with active near-IR ...
Night vision devices may be passive, relying solely on ambient light, or may be active, using an IR (infrared) illuminator. Night vision devices may be handheld or attach to helmets. When used with firearms, an IR laser sight is often mounted to the weapon.
Researchers compressed infrared light to 10% of its wavelength using a thin strontium titanate film, paving the way for advanced infrared imaging.