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A cluster-randomised controlled trial is a type of randomised controlled trial in which groups of subjects (as opposed to individual subjects) are randomised. [1] Cluster randomised controlled trials are also known as cluster-randomised trials , [ 2 ] group-randomised trials , [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and place-randomized trials . [ 5 ]
In survey research, the design effect is a number that shows how well a sample of people may represent a larger group of people for a specific measure of interest (such as the mean). This is important when the sample comes from a sampling method that is different than just picking people using a simple random sample .
The stepped-wedge design involves the collection of observations during a baseline period in which no clusters are exposed to the intervention. Following this, at regular intervals, or steps, a cluster (or group of clusters) is randomized to receive the intervention [5] [6] and all participants are once again measured. [7]
A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; [2] RCT) is a form of scientific experiment used to control factors not under direct experimental control. Examples of RCTs are clinical trials that compare the effects of drugs, surgical techniques, medical devices , diagnostic procedures , diets or other medical treatments.
In the design of experiments, the simplest design for comparing treatments is the "completely randomized design". Some "restriction on randomization" can occur with blocking and experiments that have hard-to-change factors; additional restrictions on randomization can occur when a full randomization is infeasible or when it is desirable to ...
Clinical study design; Clinical trial; Clinical utility of diagnostic tests; Cliodynamics; Closed testing procedure; Cluster analysis; Cluster randomised controlled trial; Cluster sampling; Cluster-weighted modeling; Clustering high-dimensional data; CMA-ES (Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy) Coalescent theory; Cochran's C test ...
Randomized controlled trial [5]. Blind trial [6]; Non-blind trial [7]; Adaptive clinical trial [8]. Platform Trials; Nonrandomized trial (quasi-experiment) [9]. Interrupted time series design [10] (measures on a sample or a series of samples from the same population are obtained several times before and after a manipulated event or a naturally occurring event) - considered a type of quasi ...
The evaluation tested a theory of change using a cluster-randomised controlled trial and mediation analysis. An evaluation of repeated reading and vocabulary previewing which tested causal theory using case study methodology, an adapted alternating treatments design with six students. [41]